妇科恶性肿瘤放射治疗反应及并发症处理

放射治疗在杀死肿瘤细胞的同时，对肿瘤周围器官的细胞和组织也有杀伤作用，从而引起近期放疗反应和远期并发症。     

张继泽主任医师逆转萎缩性胃炎经验举隅

慢性萎缩性胃炎是以胃黏膜上皮和腺体萎缩、黏膜变薄为特征的慢性疾病。属中医胃脘痛、胃痞等范畴。其病因病机较为复杂,多与饮食不调、情志不畅有关,尤其是饮酒、过食刺激之品,致使脾胃受损,阳气郁遏不振,纳运失司,化源不足,气血阴液亏乏;或中焦运化无力,湿邪滞塞,郁而化热;或     

Reproducibility of ultrasound pachymetry using the Sonogage Corneo-Gage Plus 2.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine the reproducibility of measurements made using the Sonogage Corneo-Gage Plus 2 (Cleveland, Ohio) ultrasound pachymeter of total corneal and corneal epithelial thickness in 5 different regions of the cornea. METHODS: Twenty-seven subjects at the New England College of Optometry (NECO) and 20 subjects at the Southern College of Optometry (SCO) were enrolled in this study. Measurements were taken of the central cornea as well as the nasal and temporal regions of the midperipheral and peripheral regions of the right cornea of each subject. Identical measurements were again taken in these subjects 1 week later at approximately the same time of day. Within-subject variations were then assessed using paired t tests. RESULTS: The only significant measurement differences that were found between visits were for full corneal thickness at both the nasal and temporal midperipheral locations. The mean differences for these locations were 13.5 microm and 13.7 microm, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Epithelial corneal thickness and central and peripheral total corneal thickness measurements using the Corneo-Gage Plus 2 pachymeter were reproducible; however, midperipheral total corneal thickness measurements showed poor reproducibility.     

表皮生长因子对牛眼小梁细胞c—fos基因表达的诱导

目的研究表皮生长因子（ｅｐｉｄｅｒｍａｌｇｒｏｗｔｈｆａｃｔｏｒ，ＥＧＦ）对小梁细胞的作用。方法应用分子杂交技术研究ＥＧＦ对体外培养的牛眼小梁细胞ｃ－ｆｏｓ基因表达的诱导和３Ｈ胸腺核苷酸（３Ｈ－ｔｈｙｍｉｄｉｎｅｉｎｃｏｒｐａｒａｔｉｏｎ，３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ）掺入法观察细胞ＤＮＡ的合成。结果小梁细胞的３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入率随着ＥＧＦ浓度不同而变化，浓度为２０～１５０ｎｇ／ｍｌ时，细胞掺入率随浓度增加升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。与对照组相比，ＥＧＦ刺激停止生长的小梁细胞０．５小时后，ｃ－ｆｏｓ基因开始表达，１小时后达高峰，至２小时后消失。不同浓度ＥＧＦ刺激小梁细胞１小时后，ｃ－ｆｏｓ基因表达呈浓度依赖性。结论实验结果表明ＥＧＦ刺激小梁细胞增殖或进入生长状态，可能与ｃ－ｆｏｓ基因产物的信号传递作用有关。     

脑前循环系统动脉瘤的外科治疗

本文报告113例脑前循环系统动脉管其中包括颈内动脉后交通动脉瘤75例.前交通动脉瘤17例,大脑中动脉瘤10例,人脑前动脉-胼周动脉瘤3例,颈内动脉-眼动脉瘤2例,颈内动脉海绵窦段动脉瘤1例.多发动脉瘤5例.共118个动脉瘤在显微镜下直视手术,动脉瘤直接夹闭术108例.孤立或包裹术5例:5例多发动脉瘤行同期手术3例,分期手术2例.术中发生动脉瘤破裂18次.Hunt和HessⅠ～Ⅱ级病人中有例行早期手术.全组术后死亡率为7.9%.着重讨论手术时机.术中动脉瘤破裂处理及多发动脉瘤的治疗.     

慢性缺氧大鼠肺组织钙调素活性研究

为探讨钙调素在慢性缺氧性肺动脉高压发病中的作用，将４０只Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠随机分为四组，Ｉ组为正常对照组，不接受任何处理。Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组为实验组，分别间断缺氧１、２、３周，而后采用火焰原子吸收分光光度法及磷酸二酯酶法测定四组大鼠肺组织Ｃａ＾２＋含量及ＣａＭ活性。     

Time trends and occupational risk factors for pleural mesothelioma in Sweden.

Epidemiologic data on pleural mesothelioma are scarce on regional and occupational time trends, which would monitor the effects of changes in exposure to asbestos. We aim to characterize time trends, regional, socioeconomic, and occupational risk factors for pleural mesothelioma in Sweden in the years from 1961 to 1998. The Swedish Family-Cancer Database was used to identify patients with pleural mesothelioma. Age-standardized incidence rates and standardized incidence ratio (SIR) were calculated for the population in the Database. A total of 1298 male and 233 female pleural mesotheliomas were retrieved. Age-standardized incidence of the disease was highest, and the trend increased in residents of large industrial and shipbuilding cities. In the last follow-up period, the male rate exceeded the female rate about 10-fold. Among male socioeconomic groups, manual workers showed the highest and ever-increasing SIR. No female socioeconomic group was at risk. For men, plumbers and seamen had the highest risk of 4.56 and 2.83, respectively, but the risks appeared to be decreasing for plumbers, whereas no clear trend was noted for seamen, probably because of indirect expose in ships. Farmers showed an SIR of 0.28, indicating that the population at large was at four times higher risk than farmers. The SIRs of many academic/college-educated groups were two to six times higher than those of farmers, suggesting indirect exposure to asbestos in these groups.     

鼻部源性突眼的CT分析

目的：为了提高对鼻部源性突眼的认识。材料和方法：本文19例鼻部源性突眼，其中鼻咽癌7例，鼻咽纤维血管瘤2例，鼻腔纤维血管瘤、恶性肉芽肿和嗅神经母细胞瘤各1例，上颌窦癌和软骨肉瘤各2例，上颌窦恶性肉芽肿、纤维肉瘤和恶性纤维组织细胞瘤各1例，全部病例均作轴位CT扫描，12例加作增强扫描，详细分析了它们CT表现。结果：源于鼻咽的放疗前鼻咽癌和纤维血管瘤，其病变主要位于鼻咽腔和咽旁，后者显著增强并有钙斑，与前者不同；源于上颌窦的肿瘤，病变占据上颌窦的全部或大部分，软骨肉瘤有钙斑且无强化，易与其它肿瘤区别，它们破坏上颌窦顶部进入眼眶；鼻腔嗅神经母细胞瘤在鼻腔和筛窦形成肿块，破坏筛骨眶板侵入眼眶。结论：根据CT所见，可判断突眼原因。     

缺氧缺血性脑病新生鼠补钙前后脑细胞,红细胞内外钙的变化

为了观察一般剂量补钙对缺氧缺血性脑病（ＨＩＥ）脑细胞和红细胞内外钙变化的影响，以探讨ＨＩＥ时补钙是否增加脑细胞钙超载，用ＨＩＥ新生动物模型进行了实验研究，结果表明：（１）缺氧缺血时红细胞、脑细胞及脑组织出现钙积聚；（２）补钙后，血浆总钙浓度明显升高，而脑细胞、脑组织及红细胞钙积聚并未加重；（３）血浆总钙浓度与脑细胞或红细胞胞浆游离钙离子浓度无相关关系。提示：（１）ＨＩＥ时钙内流可能是全身性的；（２）对ＨＩＥ并低钙血症患儿吸氧后一般剂量补钙可能是安全的。